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CT scans may be used to try to determine the different sites of infection in the body.

However, people with immune systems that do not work well (from HIVAIDS or certain cancers for example) or people with lung disease (such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or cystic fibrosis) are at the greatest risk for getting sick from MAC Infections.

Elderly women are also at higher risk to get sick from MAC infections.

There are 3 types of MAC infections.

These mainly affect elderly women and people who already have lung disease.

While the symptoms are different for each type of infection, general symptoms include fever, night sweats, weight loss, and fatigue.

They infect people when the bacteria are inhaled or swallowed.

MAC bacteria are not usually spread from person to person.

MAC infections are diagnosed by a combination of imaging scans and identifying the bacteria in cultures of cells from the infected area.

Treatment for MAC infection depends on the type and may include antibiotics, antiviral medications, or surgery.

For example, pulmonary MAC mainly affects the lungs; disseminated MAC affects the whole body; and MAC lymphadenitis causes swollen lymph nodes.

The symptoms of pulmonary MAC infection start slowly, get worse over time and may last for weeks to months.

People with pulmonary MAC infections may experience cough, weight loss, fever, fatigue, and night sweats.

Symptoms of disseminated MAC infection include: 1 4.

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People with disseminated MAC infection may also have symptoms associated with an infection of the breast tissue (mastitis); an infection of the skeletal muscle (pyomyositis), abscesses of the skin or brain, and gastrointestinal problems.

MAC lymphadenitis generally affects children with normal immune systems.

Symptoms of MAC lymphadenitis usually only include swollen lymph nodes mainly on one side of the neck.

MAC bacteria get into the body when the bacteria are inhaled into the lungs or swallowed.

Most people have MAC bacteria in their bodies and never get sick.

MAC bacteria primarily cause illness in people who have poorly working immune systems or lung disease.

Touching the same objects or having a close relationship with people who are sick from a MAC infection does not seem to increase the chance of getting sick.

MAC infections are not thought to be contagious from one person to another.

To become infected with MAC bacteria and get sick, a person must first be exposed to one of the associated types of bacteria.

There have been a few reports of families with more than one family member with a MAC infection.

In these families, it is thought that there is a variation in a gene or genes involved with the bodys immune response.

There are many genes involved in the human immune response, and there is no single gene known to be responsible for MAC infections.

The laboratory tests include cultures of mucus spit up from the lungs (sputum) and special staining ( acid-fast bacillus test ).

A laboratory culture involves placing cells from a sputum sample in an environment that encourages the bacteria to grow.

Results identifying the bacteria may take several days or longer.

Because the symptoms of MAC infections are similar to those of other types of infections, other types of infections and diseases must also be ruled out.

Diagnosis of disseminated MAC infection is suspected based on symptoms and is confirmed in cultures of blood and often lymph node cells.

Cultures of cells from urine, stool, liver or bone marrow may also be helpful.

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